Source code for fury.colormap

from warnings import warn
import json
from os.path import join as pjoin

import numpy as np
import vtk

from fury.data import DATA_DIR
# Allow import, but disable doctests if we don't have matplotlib
from fury.optpkg import optional_package
cm, have_matplotlib, _ = optional_package('matplotlib.cm')


[docs]def colormap_lookup_table(scale_range=(0, 1), hue_range=(0.8, 0), saturation_range=(1, 1), value_range=(0.8, 0.8)): """Lookup table for the colormap. Parameters ---------- scale_range : tuple It can be anything e.g. (0, 1) or (0, 255). Usually it is the mininum and maximum value of your data. Default is (0, 1). hue_range : tuple of floats HSV values (min 0 and max 1). Default is (0.8, 0). saturation_range : tuple of floats HSV values (min 0 and max 1). Default is (1, 1). value_range : tuple of floats HSV value (min 0 and max 1). Default is (0.8, 0.8). Returns ------- lookup_table : vtkLookupTable """ lookup_table = vtk.vtkLookupTable() lookup_table.SetRange(scale_range) lookup_table.SetTableRange(scale_range) lookup_table.SetHueRange(hue_range) lookup_table.SetSaturationRange(saturation_range) lookup_table.SetValueRange(value_range) lookup_table.Build() return lookup_table
[docs]def cc(na, nd): return na * np.cos(nd * np.pi / 180.0)
[docs]def ss(na, nd): return na * np.sin(nd * np.pi / 180.0)
[docs]def boys2rgb(v): """ boys 2 rgb cool colormap Maps a given field of undirected lines (line field) to rgb colors using Boy's Surface immersion of the real projective plane. Boy's Surface is one of the three possible surfaces obtained by gluing a Mobius strip to the edge of a disk. The other two are the crosscap and Roman surface, Steiner surfaces that are homeomorphic to the real projective plane (Pinkall 1986). The Boy's surface is the only 3D immersion of the projective plane without singularities. Visit http://www.cs.brown.edu/~cad/rp2coloring for further details. Cagatay Demiralp, 9/7/2008. Code was initially in matlab and was rewritten in Python for fury by the FURY Team. Thank you Cagatay for putting this online. Parameters ------------ v : array, shape (N, 3) of unit vectors (e.g., principal eigenvectors of tensor data) representing one of the two directions of the undirected lines in a line field. Returns --------- c : array, shape (N, 3) matrix of rgb colors corresponding to the vectors given in V. Examples ---------- >>> from fury import colormap >>> v = np.array([[1, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]]) >>> c = colormap.boys2rgb(v) """ if v.ndim == 1: x = v[0] y = v[1] z = v[2] if v.ndim == 2: x = v[:, 0] y = v[:, 1] z = v[:, 2] x2 = x ** 2 y2 = y ** 2 z2 = z ** 2 x3 = x * x2 y3 = y * y2 z3 = z * z2 z4 = z * z2 xy = x * y xz = x * z yz = y * z hh1 = .5 * (3 * z2 - 1) / 1.58 hh2 = 3 * xz / 2.745 hh3 = 3 * yz / 2.745 hh4 = 1.5 * (x2 - y2) / 2.745 hh5 = 6 * xy / 5.5 hh6 = (1 / 1.176) * .125 * (35 * z4 - 30 * z2 + 3) hh7 = 2.5 * x * (7 * z3 - 3 * z) / 3.737 hh8 = 2.5 * y * (7 * z3 - 3 * z) / 3.737 hh9 = ((x2 - y2) * 7.5 * (7 * z2 - 1)) / 15.85 hh10 = ((2 * xy) * (7.5 * (7 * z2 - 1))) / 15.85 hh11 = 105 * (4 * x3 * z - 3 * xz * (1 - z2)) / 59.32 hh12 = 105 * (-4 * y3 * z + 3 * yz * (1 - z2)) / 59.32 s0 = -23.0 s1 = 227.9 s2 = 251.0 s3 = 125.0 ss23 = ss(2.71, s0) cc23 = cc(2.71, s0) ss45 = ss(2.12, s1) cc45 = cc(2.12, s1) ss67 = ss(.972, s2) cc67 = cc(.972, s2) ss89 = ss(.868, s3) cc89 = cc(.868, s3) X = 0.0 X = X + hh2 * cc23 X = X + hh3 * ss23 X = X + hh5 * cc45 X = X + hh4 * ss45 X = X + hh7 * cc67 X = X + hh8 * ss67 X = X + hh10 * cc89 X = X + hh9 * ss89 Y = 0.0 Y = Y + hh2 * -ss23 Y = Y + hh3 * cc23 Y = Y + hh5 * -ss45 Y = Y + hh4 * cc45 Y = Y + hh7 * -ss67 Y = Y + hh8 * cc67 Y = Y + hh10 * -ss89 Y = Y + hh9 * cc89 Z = 0.0 Z = Z + hh1 * -2.8 Z = Z + hh6 * -0.5 Z = Z + hh11 * 0.3 Z = Z + hh12 * -2.5 # scale and normalize to fit # in the rgb space w_x = 4.1925 trl_x = -2.0425 w_y = 4.0217 trl_y = -1.8541 w_z = 4.0694 trl_z = -2.1899 if v.ndim == 2: N = len(x) C = np.zeros((N, 3)) C[:, 0] = 0.9 * np.abs(((X - trl_x) / w_x)) + 0.05 C[:, 1] = 0.9 * np.abs(((Y - trl_y) / w_y)) + 0.05 C[:, 2] = 0.9 * np.abs(((Z - trl_z) / w_z)) + 0.05 if v.ndim == 1: C = np.zeros((3,)) C[0] = 0.9 * np.abs(((X - trl_x) / w_x)) + 0.05 C[1] = 0.9 * np.abs(((Y - trl_y) / w_y)) + 0.05 C[2] = 0.9 * np.abs(((Z - trl_z) / w_z)) + 0.05 return C
[docs]def orient2rgb(v): """Get Standard orientation 2 rgb colormap. v : array, shape (N, 3) of vectors not necessarily normalized Returns ------- c : array, shape (N, 3) matrix of rgb colors corresponding to the vectors given in V. Examples -------- >>> from fury import colormap >>> v = np.array([[1, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]]) >>> c = colormap.orient2rgb(v) """ if v.ndim == 1: r = np.linalg.norm(v) orient = np.abs(np.divide(v, r, where=r != 0)) elif v.ndim == 2: orientn = np.sqrt(v[:, 0] ** 2 + v[:, 1] ** 2 + v[:, 2] ** 2) orientn.shape = orientn.shape + (1,) orient = np.abs(np.divide(v, orientn, where=orientn != 0)) else: raise IOError("Wrong vector dimension, It should be an array" " with a shape (N, 3)") return orient
[docs]def line_colors(streamlines, cmap='rgb_standard'): """Create colors for streamlines to be used in actor.line. Parameters ---------- streamlines : sequence of ndarrays cmap : ('rgb_standard', 'boys_standard') Returns ------- colors : ndarray """ if cmap == 'rgb_standard': col_list = [orient2rgb(streamline[-1] - streamline[0]) for streamline in streamlines] if cmap == 'boys_standard': col_list = [boys2rgb(streamline[-1] - streamline[0]) for streamline in streamlines] return np.vstack(col_list)
lowercase_cm_name = {'blues': 'Blues', 'accent': 'Accent'} dipy_cmaps = None
[docs]def get_cmap(name): """Make a callable, similar to maptlotlib.pyplot.get_cmap.""" if name.lower() == "accent": warn("The `Accent` colormap is deprecated as of version" + " 0.2 of Fury and will be removed in a future " + "version. Please use another colormap", PendingDeprecationWarning) global dipy_cmaps if dipy_cmaps is None: filename = pjoin(DATA_DIR, "dipy_colormaps.json") with open(filename) as f: dipy_cmaps = json.load(f) desc = dipy_cmaps.get(name) if desc is None: return None def simple_cmap(v): """Emulate matplotlib colormap callable.""" rgba = np.ones((len(v), 4)) for i, color in enumerate(('red', 'green', 'blue')): x, y0, _ = zip(*desc[color]) # Matplotlib allows more complex colormaps, but for users who do # not have Matplotlib fury makes a few simple colormaps available. # These colormaps are simple because y0 == y1, and therefor we # ignore y1 here. rgba[:, i] = np.interp(v, x, y0) return rgba return simple_cmap
[docs]def create_colormap(v, name='plasma', auto=True): """Create colors from a specific colormap and return it as an array of shape (N,3) where every row gives the corresponding r,g,b value. The colormaps we use are similar with those of matplotlib. Parameters ---------- v : (N,) array vector of values to be mapped in RGB colors according to colormap name : str. Name of the colormap. Currently implemented: 'jet', 'blues', 'accent', 'bone' and matplotlib colormaps if you have matplotlib installed. For example, we suggest using 'plasma', 'viridis' or 'inferno'. 'jet' is popular but can be often misleading and we will deprecate it the future. auto : bool, if auto is True then v is interpolated to [0, 10] from v.min() to v.max() Notes ----- FURY supports a few colormaps for those who do not use Matplotlib, for more colormaps consider downloading Matplotlib (see matplotlib.org). """ if not have_matplotlib: msg = "You do not have Matplotlib installed. Some colormaps" msg += " might not work for you. Consider downloading Matplotlib." warn(msg) if name.lower() == 'jet': msg = 'Jet is a popular colormap but can often be misleading' msg += 'Use instead plasma, viridis, hot or inferno.' warn(msg, PendingDeprecationWarning) if v.ndim > 1: msg = 'This function works only with 1d arrays. Use ravel()' raise ValueError(msg) if auto: v = np.interp(v, [v.min(), v.max()], [0, 1]) else: v = np.clip(v, 0, 1) # For backwards compatibility with lowercase names newname = lowercase_cm_name.get(name) or name get_colormap = cm.get_cmap if have_matplotlib else get_cmap colormap = get_colormap(newname) if colormap is None: e_s = "Colormap {} is not yet implemented ".format(name) raise ValueError(e_s) rgba = colormap(v) rgb = rgba[:, :3].copy() return rgb
def _lab_delta(x, y): dL = y[:, 0] - x[:, 0] # L dA = y[:, 1] - x[:, 1] # A dB = y[:, 2] - x[:, 2] # B return np.sqrt(dL**2 + dA**2 + dB**2) def _rgb_lab_delta(x, y): labX = _rgb2lab(x) labY = _rgb2lab(y) return _lab_delta(labX, labY) def _rgb2xyz(rgb): var_R = rgb[:, 0] / 255 # R from 0 to 255 var_G = rgb[:, 1] / 255 # G from 0 to 255 var_B = rgb[:, 2] / 255 # B from 0 to 255 idx = var_R > 0.04045 var_R[idx] = ((var_R[idx] + 0.055) / 1.055) ** 2.4 idx = np.logical_not(idx) var_R[idx] = var_R[idx] / 12.92 idx = var_G > 0.04045 var_G[idx] = ((var_G[idx] + 0.055) / 1.055) ** 2.4 idx = np.logical_not(idx) var_G[idx] = var_G[idx] / 12.92 idx = var_B > 0.04045 var_B[idx] = ((var_B[idx] + 0.055) / 1.055) ** 2.4 idx = np.logical_not(idx) var_B[idx] = var_B[idx] / 12.92 var_R = var_R * 100 var_G = var_G * 100 var_B = var_B * 100 # Observer. = Illuminant = D65 X = var_R * 0.4124 + var_G * 0.3576 + var_B * 0.1805 Y = var_R * 0.2126 + var_G * 0.7152 + var_B * 0.0722 Z = var_R * 0.0193 + var_G * 0.1192 + var_B * 0.9505 return np.c_[X, Y, Z] def _xyz2lab(xyz): ref_X = 095.047 ref_Y = 100.000 ref_Z = 108.883 var_X = xyz[:, 0] / ref_X var_Y = xyz[:, 1] / ref_Y var_Z = xyz[:, 2] / ref_Z idx = var_X > 0.008856 var_X[idx] = var_X[idx] ** (1/3) idx = np.logical_not(idx) var_X[idx] = (7.787 * var_X[idx]) + (16. / 116.) idx = var_Y > 0.008856 var_Y[idx] = var_Y[idx] ** (1/3) idx = np.logical_not(idx) var_Y[idx] = (7.787 * var_Y[idx]) + (16. / 116.) idx = var_Z > 0.008856 var_Z[idx] = var_Z[idx] ** (1/3) idx = np.logical_not(idx) var_Z[idx] = (7.787 * var_Z[idx]) + (16. / 116.) L = (116 * var_Y) - 16 A = 500 * (var_X - var_Y) B = 200 * (var_Y - var_Z) return np.c_[L, A, B] def _lab2xyz(lab): var_Y = (lab[:, 0] + 16) / 116.0 var_X = lab[:, 1] / 500.0 + var_Y var_Z = var_Y - lab[:, 2] / 200.0 if var_Y**3 > 0.008856: var_Y = var_Y**3 else: var_Y = (var_Y - 16. / 116.) / 7.787 if var_X**3 > 0.008856: var_X = var_X**3 else: var_X = (var_X - 16. / 116.) / 7.787 if var_Z**3 > 0.008856: var_Z = var_Z**3 else: var_Z = (var_Z - 16. / 116.) / 7.787 ref_X = 095.047 ref_Y = 100.000 ref_Z = 108.883 X = ref_X * var_X Y = ref_Y * var_Y Z = ref_Z * var_Z return np.c_[X, Y, Z] def _xyz2rgb(xyz): var_X = xyz[:, 0] / 100 # X from 0 to 95.047 var_Y = xyz[:, 1] / 100 # Y from 0 to 100.000 var_Z = xyz[:, 2] / 100 # Z from 0 to 108.883 var_R = var_X * 03.2406 + var_Y * -1.5372 + var_Z * -0.4986 var_G = var_X * -0.9689 + var_Y * 01.8758 + var_Z * 00.0415 var_B = var_X * 00.0557 + var_Y * -0.2040 + var_Z * 01.0570 if var_R > 0.0031308: var_R = 1.055 * (var_R**(1/2.4)) - 0.055 else: var_R = 12.92 * var_R if var_G > 0.0031308: var_G = 1.055 * (var_G**(1/2.4)) - 0.055 else: var_G = 12.92 * var_G if var_B > 0.0031308: var_B = 1.055 * (var_B**(1/2.4)) - 0.055 else: var_B = 12.92 * var_B R = var_R * 255 G = var_G * 255 B = var_B * 255 return np.c_[R, G, B] def _rgb2lab(rgb): tmp = _rgb2xyz(rgb) return _xyz2lab(tmp) def _lab2rgb(lab): tmp = _lab2xyz(lab) return _xyz2rgb(tmp)
[docs]def distinguishable_colormap(bg=(0, 0, 0), exclude=[], nb_colors=None): """Generate colors that are maximally perceptually distinct. This function generates a set of colors which are distinguishable by reference to the "Lab" color space, which more closely matches human color perception than RGB. Given an initial large list of possible colors, it iteratively chooses the entry in the list that is farthest (in Lab space) from all previously-chosen entries. While this "greedy" algorithm does not yield a global maximum, it is simple and efficient. Moreover, the sequence of colors is consistent no matter how many you request, which facilitates the users' ability to learn the color order and avoids major changes in the appearance of plots when adding or removing lines. Parameters ---------- bg : tuple (optional) Background RGB color, to make sure that your colors are also distinguishable from the background. Default: (0, 0, 0). exclude : list of tuples (optional) Additional RGB colors to be distinguishable from. nb_colors : int (optional) Number of colors desired. Default: generate as many colors as needed. Returns ------- iterable of ndarray If `nb_colors` is provided, returns a list of RBG colors. Otherwise, yields the next RBG color maximally perceptually distinct from previous ones. Examples -------- >>> from dipy.viz.colormap import distinguishable_colormap >>> # Generate 5 colors >>> [c for i, c in zip(range(5), distinguishable_colormap())] [array([ 0., 1., 0.]), array([ 1., 0., 1.]), array([ 1. , 0.75862069, 0.03448276]), array([ 0. , 1. , 0.89655172]), array([ 0. , 0.17241379, 1. ])] Notes ----- Code was initially in matlab and was rewritten in Python for dipy by the Dipy Team. Thank you Tim Holy for putting this online. Visit http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/29702 for the original implementation (v1.2), 14 Dec 2010 (Updated 07 Feb 2011). """ NB_DIVISIONS = 30 # This constant come from the original code. # Generate a sizable number of RGB triples. This represents our space of # possible choices. By starting in RGB space, we ensure that all of the # colors can be generated by the monitor. colors_to_exclude = np.array([bg] + exclude) # Divisions along each axis in RGB space. x = np.linspace(0, 1, NB_DIVISIONS) R, G, B = np.meshgrid(x, x, x) rgb = np.c_[R.flatten(), G.flatten(), B.flatten()] lab = _rgb2lab(rgb) bglab = _rgb2lab(colors_to_exclude) def _generate_next_color(): lastlab = bglab[0] mindist2 = np.ones(len(rgb)) * np.inf for bglab_i in bglab[1:]: dist2 = np.sum((lab-bglab_i)**2, axis=1) # Dist2 to closest previously-chosen color. mindist2 = np.minimum(dist2, mindist2) while True: dX = lab - lastlab # Displacement of last from all colors on list. dist2 = np.sum(dX**2, axis=1) # Square distance. # Dist2 to closest previously-chosen color. mindist2 = np.minimum(dist2, mindist2) # Find the entry farthest from all previously-chosen colors. idx = np.argmax(mindist2) yield rgb[idx] lastlab = lab[idx] if nb_colors is not None: return [c for i, c in zip(range(nb_colors), _generate_next_color())] return _generate_next_color()